a.无信号、无气源：①气源未开。②由于气源含水在冬季结冰，导致风管堵塞或过滤器、减压阀堵塞失灵。③压缩机故障。④气源总管泄漏。
a. No signal and no air source: ① the air source is not turned on. ② Because the water in the air source freezes in winter, the air duct is blocked or the filter and pressure reducing valve are blocked and fail. ③ Compressor failure. ④ Leakage of air supply main pipe.
b.有气源，无信号：①调节器故障。②信号管泄漏。③定位器波纹管漏气。④调节网膜片损坏。
b. Air source, no signal: ① regulator failure. ② The signal tube is leaking. ③ Air leakage of positioner bellows. ④ The adjusting omentum is damaged.
c.定位器无气源：①过滤器堵塞。②减压阀故障。③管道泄漏或堵塞。
c. The positioner has no air source: ① the filter is blocked. ② The pressure reducing valve is faulty. ③ Leakage or blockage of pipes.
d.定位器有气源，无输出：定位器的节流孔堵塞。
d. The positioner has air source and no output: the orifice of the positioner is blocked.
e.有信号、无动作：①阀芯脱落，②阀芯与阀座卡死。③阀杆弯曲或折断。④阀座阀芯冻结或焦块污物。⑤执行机构弹簧因长期不用而锈死。
e. Signal and no action: ① the valve core falls off, and ② the valve core and valve seat are stuck. ③ The valve stem is bent or broken. ④ The valve seat and valve core are frozen or burnt and dirty. ⑤ The actuator spring is rusted due to long-term use.
(2)调节阀的动作不稳定，故障现象和原因如下：
(2) The action of the regulating valve is unstable, and the fault phenomena and causes are as follows:
a.气源压力不稳定：①压缩机容量太小。②减压阀故障。
a. Unstable air source pressure: ① the compressor capacity is too small. ② The pressure reducing valve is faulty.
b.信号压力不稳定：①控制系统的时间常数(T=RC)不适当。②调节器输出不稳定。
b. Unstable signal pressure: ① the time constant (t = RC) of the control system is inappropriate. ② The regulator output is unstable.
c.气源压力稳定，信号压力也稳定，但调节阀的动作仍不稳定：①定位器中放大器的球阀受脏物磨损关不严，耗气量特别大时会产生输出震荡。②定位器中放大器的喷咀挡板不平行，挡板盖不住喷咀。③输出管、线漏气。④执行机构刚性太小。⑤阀杆运动中摩擦阻力大，与相接触部位有阻滞现象。
c. The air source pressure is stable and the signal pressure is also stable, but the action of the regulating valve is still unstable: ① the ball valve of the amplifier in the positioner is not tightly closed due to dirt wear, and the output oscillation will occur when the air consumption is particularly large. ② The nozzle baffle of the amplifier in the positioner is not parallel, and the baffle cannot cover the nozzle. ③ Air leakage of output pipe and line. ④ The rigidity of the actuator is too small. ⑤ The friction resistance of the valve rod is large during the movement, and there is blocking at the contact part.
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